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Module 2 · Prompting — getting a real answer Lesson 5 of 15

The four-part prompt: role, task, context, format

Learning objective

Almost every good prompt has four parts: who the model should be, what it must do, the facts it must use, and the shape of the answer you want. Leave out the fourth and you get an essay when you wanted a table.

The concept

Write the four parts as four lines, in this order. ROLE: who it should answer as. TASK: the single thing you want done, as an instruction, not a wish. CONTEXT: the facts, pasted, not referred to. FORMAT: the exact shape of the answer — "a table with three columns", "five bullets, no more than twelve words each".

FORMAT is the part everybody skips and the part that saves the most time. An answer you have to restructure by hand was not really an answer. Ask for the shape you are going to use: if it is going into a slide, ask for slide bullets; if it is going into a spreadsheet, ask for rows.

Here is the same request done both ways — first as people usually write it, then in four parts:

The second prompt is not longer because long is good. It is longer because it contains four things the model cannot guess, and the guess is where the useless answer came from.

Prompt
Weak:  tell me about data analyst jobs

Strong:
ROLE:    A hiring manager for entry-level analytics roles in India.
TASK:    List what you screen for in a fresher's first 30 seconds.
CONTEXT: I am a 2026 B.Com graduate with Excel, basic SQL and one
         dashboard project. No internship yet.
FORMAT:  A table: skill | what a fresher shows | what most get wrong.
         Five rows maximum. No introduction.

Worked example

"Build the smallest version that works, with no login, then tell me what you left out" gets a running app; asking for everything at once gets a broken one.

Your practice task

Take a task you did last week without AI and write the prompt in four labelled lines. Then run it, and rewrite only the part that failed — not the whole prompt.

Do this before moving on. Reading a solution teaches the shape of it; typing it teaches you.

Key takeaway

Write the four parts as four lines, in this order.

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Almost there

15 lessons left of 15

Finish every lesson to unlock the certificate. Each one ends in a practice task — do them and the final project brief writes itself.